Define the dispute and the available choices

Write down the specific disagreement, the result you want, and the documents supporting your position. Distinguish an urgent need, such as preserving an asset, from issues that may be negotiated over time. Ask counsel whether an existing contract, pending proceeding, or statutory process affects the available route. Starting a conversation does not necessarily suspend a limitation period or a current court obligation.

Understand mediation as a process for agreement

In mediation, a neutral person helps the parties explore resolution; the mediator does not simply replace a judge and impose a preferred outcome. Before participating, ask about the applicable process, confidentiality, attendance, and authority to settle. Make sure you understand what happens to a pending case while discussions continue. Raise safety concerns, pressure, or an imbalance affecting participation before substantive terms are discussed.

Know what an ordinary Lok Adalat can do

NALSA describes ordinary Lok Adalat as a forum for settlement of eligible pending or pre-litigation disputes. Its role is based on compromise, rather than deciding the merits when parties cannot agree. A settlement award has significant legal effect and is ordinarily final and binding, with no ordinary appeal. Obtain advice before consenting; do not assume you can later reconsider the bargain through a routine appeal.

Do not confuse it with Permanent Lok Adalat

Permanent Lok Adalat is a separate statutory mechanism for specified public utility service disputes at the pre-litigation stage. Within its legal jurisdiction and conditions, it can decide certain disputes when conciliation fails. That distinction matters if you expected participation to involve negotiation only. Ask the legal services authority or your advocate to confirm eligibility, monetary limits, and exclusions for the actual matter.

Check whether the terms can actually be performed

A useful settlement identifies who must pay or act, the amount or obligation, the date, and what happens after performance or default. Check whether all necessary parties are included and whether someone signing for an organisation has authority. Ask which filing, award, or order is needed. Keep the complete signed document and track performance; an encouraging discussion is not the same as a completed resolution.

Make a useful file

Your document checklist

  • A clear statement of the dispute and desired practical outcome.
  • The exact name and rules of the proposed settlement process.
  • Questions about legal effect, outstanding deadlines, and costs.
  • Complete terms covering performance, default, and necessary parties.

Reference points: NALSA, Lok Adalats; state legal services authorities, Permanent Lok Adalat guidance; Family Courts Act, 1984, settlement provisions where relevant. Reviewed September 30, 2026.